UN 
The concept of the “blue economy” has become central to global dialogues on sustainable ocean use, prominently featured at the recent United Nations Ocean Conference (UNOC) held in France in June 2025. Governments, financial institutions, and international organizations have increasingly prioritized ocean-based economic initiatives, emphasizing sectors such as maritime transport, aquaculture, renewable energy, and marine biotechnology. Notably, the government of Monaco co-hosted a two-day event focused on blue economy financing, attracting high-profile dignitaries and underscoring the growing political will to harness ocean resources for economic growth.
However, amid this enthusiasm, small-scale fishers worldwide have voiced concern that the dominant blue economy narrative often overlooks their rights, livelihoods, and cultural heritage. Advocating instead for “blue justice,” these communities seek equitable recognition and protection in the governance of marine resources. Blue justice emphasizes the inclusion of marginalized fishers in decision-making processes, safeguards against displacement and environmental harm, and promotes social equity alongside economic development.
Experts highlight that small-scale fisheries provide crucial contributions to food security, poverty alleviation, and sustainable resource management, supporting an estimated 90% of the world’s capture fishers and fish workers. Yet, these fishers frequently face challenges such as restricted access to traditional fishing grounds, competition with industrial operations, and inadequate policy representation. The call for blue justice reflects a growing movement to balance ocean economic growth with social inclusion and environmental stewardship.
This discourse is gaining momentum ahead of the upcoming Ocean Impact Summit, where stakeholders are expected to further discuss ocean sustainability and financing. Advocates argue that without integrating blue justice principles, blue economy initiatives risk exacerbating inequalities and undermining the very communities that have long relied on healthy oceans for survival. As global attention turns to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 14—Life Below Water—ensuring that ocean governance frameworks are inclusive and just remains imperative for lasting progress.
